A vulnerability is a weakness or flaw in a system, application, or network that can be exploited by threats to gain unauthorized access or cause harm. Vulnerabilities may result from coding errors, misconfigurations, or design flaws and require patching or mitigation to reduce security risk.
Encryption is the process of converting plaintext data into ciphertext using cryptographic algorithms and keys to protect information confidentiality.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is a security mechanism requiring users to provide two or more verification factors to gain access to resources.
A firewall is a network security device or software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Phishing is a social engineering attack where attackers impersonate legitimate organizations or individuals to trick victims into revealing sensitive information like passwords or credit card numbers.
A vulnerability is a weakness or flaw in a system, application, or network that can be exploited by threats to gain unauthorized access or cause harm.
An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a security technology that monitors network or system activities for malicious behavior or policy violations.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a framework managing digital certificates and public-key encryption to secure communications and verify identities.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is a set of tools and processes designed to ensure sensitive data is not lost, misused, or accessed by unauthorized users.
Zero Trust is a security framework requiring strict identity verification for every person and device attempting to access resources regardless of network location.
Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) is a security solution providing real-time analysis of security alerts generated by applications and network hardware.