IP Connectivity

A network engineer configures interface GigabitEthernet0/0 on a router with the command 'ip address 10.20.30.1 255.255.255.0'. After the interface comes up, the engineer issues 'show ip route' and sees two entries related to this configuration. One is coded 'C 10.20.30.0/24' and the other is coded 'L 10.20.30.1/32'. What does the entry with code 'L' represent?

A network engineer configures a primary static default route through an MPLS link (next hop 10.1.1.1) and wants a broadband link (next hop 172.16.5.1) to serve only as a backup that activates automatically if the MPLS route fails. The primary route uses the default administrative distance. Which command creates the correct floating static backup route?

A network team wants their two edge routers to actively share the traffic load from 300 workstations that all use a single default gateway address. Both routers should forward traffic simultaneously while still providing redundancy if one fails. Which first hop redundancy protocol best meets this requirement?

Two distribution routers, R1 and R2, share a virtual gateway address for VLAN 10 using HSRP. R1 is configured with 'standby 10 priority 110' and R2 uses the default. Both interfaces are up and preemption is enabled on R1. Which router forwards traffic sent to the virtual IP, and why?

Two routers, R1 and R2, share HSRP group 10 on a LAN. R1 is configured with priority 110 and R2 with the default priority. R1 was the active router until it rebooted, at which point R2 became active. Now that R1 has fully rebooted, network engineers notice R2 remains the active router even though R1 is online again. Which configuration on R1 would cause it to reclaim the active role automatically?

A branch router R1 connects to the ISP through interface GigabitEthernet0/1, and the ISP's next-hop address is 203.0.113.1. R1 has no dynamic routing protocol configured and must forward all traffic destined to networks not found in its routing table toward the ISP. Which command correctly configures this behavior on R1?

A network engineer is configuring an edge router named R1 that connects a branch office to the ISP. All internal branch subnets should reach any external IPv6 destination by forwarding traffic to the ISP's next-hop address 2001:DB8:AC:1::1. Which command correctly creates this IPv6 default static route on R1?

A router's IPv4 routing table contains the following entries: 10.1.0.0/16 via 192.168.1.1, 10.1.4.0/24 via 192.168.2.1, 10.1.4.128/25 via 192.168.3.1, and a default route 0.0.0.0/0 via 192.168.4.1. A packet arrives destined for 10.1.4.200. Which next hop will the router use to forward this packet?

A router running OSPFv2 has learned two paths to the 10.50.0.0/16 network. Path 1 traverses three Gigabit Ethernet links (each cost 1). Path 2 traverses a single Fast Ethernet link (cost 10). Both paths are within the same OSPF area, and the reference bandwidth is left at its default. Which path will OSPF install in the routing table, and why?

A network engineer upgrades several router uplinks to 10 Gbps but notices OSPF still calculates the same cost (1) for both the new 10 Gbps links and the older 1 Gbps links, causing suboptimal path selection. Which action correctly resolves this so faster links are preferred?

Two routers, R1 and R2, are connected over an Ethernet link and both have OSPFv2 enabled on the connecting interfaces in area 0. The interfaces are in the same subnet, router IDs are unique, and MTU matches. However, the neighbor adjacency never forms. On R1 the interface shows 'Hello 10, Dead 40' and on R2 it shows 'Hello 30, Dead 120'. What is preventing the adjacency?

A network engineer enables OSPFv2 on a router's Loopback0 interface (192.168.10.1/24) using the 'network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0' command. After the adjacencies form, a neighboring router shows the loopback prefix in its routing table. How does OSPF advertise this loopback network by default, and why?

Two directly connected routers, R1 and R2, are configured for single-area OSPFv2 on their point-to-point serial link. They form an adjacency but never reach FULL state. R1 shows the neighbor stuck in EXSTART/EXCHANGE, and the console logs repeated messages about DBD packets. The IP addressing, area IDs, and hello/dead timers all match. What is the MOST likely cause?

On a multi-access Ethernet segment, R1 forms OSPF adjacencies with the DR and BDR but shows R2 stuck in the 2WAY/DROTHER state in the output of 'show ip ospf neighbor'. Both routers are in the correct area, timers match, and they can ping each other. What is the most likely explanation for the 2WAY state between R1 and R2?

A network engineer configures OSPF on router R1 with the following commands: router ospf 1 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0 R1 has these interface IP addresses: Gi0/0 = 10.1.1.1/24, Gi0/1 = 172.16.5.1/24, and Lo0 = 10.10.10.1/32. Which interfaces will OSPF enable and attempt to form adjacencies or advertise?

You are configuring single-area OSPFv2 on router R1. Interface GigabitEthernet0/0 has IP address 10.1.4.17/28. You want to enable OSPF process 1 ONLY on this specific interface using the network command in router configuration mode. Which command correctly advertises this interface in area 0?

Two routers, R1 and R2, are connected through a Layer 2 switch on the same Ethernet segment and are both configured for single-area OSPFv2. The interfaces reach the FULL state, but the network engineer notices that a DR and BDR are elected on this segment. R2 has the higher OSPF priority. Which statement correctly explains this behavior?

Two routers, R1 and R2, are connected over a Frame Relay WAN link. OSPF is enabled on the multipoint interfaces of both routers, and Layer 3 connectivity has been verified with successful pings across the link. However, the OSPF adjacency never forms and no neighbor is listed with 'show ip ospf neighbor'. The interfaces default to the non-broadcast network type. What is the most likely reason the adjacency fails to establish?

A network engineer configures OSPFv2 on router R1. The LAN interface GigabitEthernet0/1 connects only to end-user workstations, and there are no other OSPF routers on that segment. The engineer wants R1 to advertise the GigabitEthernet0/1 subnet into OSPF but stop sending OSPF Hello packets out that interface to avoid unnecessary traffic and reduce exposure. Which configuration accomplishes this goal?

Two routers, R1 and R2, are connected over a dedicated serial WAN link and are configured for single-area OSPFv2. The link is working, but the network engineer notices that the OSPF adjacency on this segment forms as FULL without electing a DR or BDR, unlike the LAN segments in the same area. Which OSPF network type is operating on this serial link to produce this behavior?