Question

A DevOps team uses AWS CDK (v2) to deploy an application consisting of a parent stack with several nested stacks. Each nested stack references Lambda functions bundled from local source code as assets. The team runs 'cdk deploy' targeting a new region (eu-west-1) for the first time, but the deployment fails immediately with an error stating that the assets cannot be published because the environment is not bootstrapped. The same application deploys successfully in us-east-1. What is the correct way to resolve this while following AWS best practices for multi-region CDK deployments?

Accepted Answer

Run 'cdk bootstrap aws://ACCOUNT-ID/eu-west-1' to provision the CDKToolkit stack (including the asset S3 bucket and ECR repository) in the target region before deploying.

Answer

Manually create an S3 bucket in eu-west-1 named 'cdk-assets' and set the CDK_DEFAULT_BUCKET environment variable to point CDK at it.

Answer

Add a 'crossRegionReferences: true' property to the parent stack so CDK automatically copies assets from the us-east-1 bootstrap bucket to eu-west-1 at deploy time.

Answer

Change the nested stacks to inline the Lambda code using 'lambda.Code.fromInline' so that no asset publishing or bootstrapping is required in the new region.